nav emailalert searchbtn searchbox tablepage yinyongbenwen piczone journalimg journalInfo journalinfonormal searchdiv searchzone qikanlogo popupnotification paper paperNew
摘要:

太阳活动是地球气候形成的重要驱动因子,与地球气候变化有密切的联系,但研究分析发现,地球气候对太阳活动变化的响应具有较大的空间差异,地球上某些区域的天气气候对太阳活动更加敏感。主要介绍了对太阳活动变化特别敏感的三个响应区域,即极地—北大西洋区域、热带地区和季风区的天气气候变化与太阳活动变化的联系。从不同的时间尺度上总结了太阳活动对极地—北大西洋区域的影响事实和可能机制,指出了太阳活动对云微物理过程/平流层—对流层耦合的调制在其中扮演重要角色,回顾了热带地区对流活动、海表温度以及ENSO循环中明显的太阳活动信号,归纳了亚洲季风系统活动的边缘地区变率对太阳活动的响应。最后提出了未来关于天气气候中太阳活动信号的敏感区域研究中需要关注的一些科学问题。

Abstract:

Solar activity is an important factor driving the formation of the Earth's climate, and is closely linked with global climate change. Studies found that the response of the Earth's climate change to solar activities is inhomogeneous in space. Weather and climate of certain regions on Earth are found more sensitive to solar activities. In this paper, we concentrate on sensitive responses to solar activity in the Arctic-North Atlantic, tropical and monsoon regions. The fact that solar activities have a great influence on polar-North Atlantic regions on different time scales is presented, and we believe that cloud microphysical processes and the stratosphere-troposphere coupling play an important role in modulating relationships as aforementioned. Then we reviewed significant solar signals in convection, sea surface temperature and the ENSO cycle in the tropics.The responses of monsoon regions, especially the Asian monsoon, to solar activities are summed up, the response being particularly active in the marginal areas of monsoon. Finally, scientific issues which need to be focused on are put forward for future investigation on the regions with sensitive signals of solar activities in weather and climate.

KeyWords:
参考文献

[1]Gleissberg W.A table of secular variations of the solar cycle.Terrestrial Magnetism and Atmospheric Electricity,1944,49(4):243-244.

[2]Eddy J A.The maunder minimum.Science,1976,192(4245):1189-1202.

[3]Benestad R E.Solar activity and Earth’s climate.Berlin:Springer,2002.

[4]Svalgaard L.Solar activity–past,present,future.Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate,2013,3:A24.

[5]Reid G C.Influence of solar variability on global sea surface temperatures.Nature,1987,129:142–143.

[6]Tinsley B A.Inl uence of solar wind on the global electric circuit,and inferred effects on cloud microphysics,temperature,and dynamics in the troposphere.Space Science Reviews,2000,94(1-2):231-258.

[7]Gray L J,Beer J,Geller M,et al.Solar inl uences on climate.Reviews of Geophysics,2010,48,RG4001,doi:10.1029/2009RG000282.

[8]赵亮,徐影,王劲松,等.太阳活动对近百年气候变化的影响研究进展.气象科技进展,2011(4):37-48.

[9]Meehl G A,Arblaster J M,Branstator G,et al.A coupled air-sea response mechanism to solar forcing in the Pacii c region.Journal of Climate,2008,21(12):2883-2897.

[10]Ineson S,Scaife A A,Knight J R,et al.Solar forcing of winter climate variability in the Northern Hemisphere.Nature Geoscience,2011,4(11):753-757.

[11]Boberg F,Lundstedt H.Solar wind electric i eld modulation of the NAO:a correlation analysis in the lower atmosphere.Geophysical Research Letters,2003,30(15):1825.

[12]Rind D.The Sun’s role in climate variations.Science,2002,296(5568):673-677.

[13]Chandra S,McPeters R.h e solar cycle variation of ozone in the stratosphere inferred from Nimbus 7 and NOAA 11 satellites.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,1994,99(D10):20665-20671.

[14]Shindell D T,Schmidt G A,Miller R L,et al.Northern Hemisphere winter climate response to greenhouse gas,ozone,solar,and volcanic forcing.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,2001,106(D7):7193-7210.

[15]Carslaw K,Harrison R,Kirkby J.Cosmic rays,clouds,and climate.Science,2002,298(5599):1732-1737.

[16]Klein S A,Soden B J,Lau N-C.Remote sea surface temperature variations during ENSO:Evidence for a tropical atmospheric bridge.Journal of Climate,1999,12(4):917-932.

[17]Zhao L,Wang J,Zhao H.Solar cycle signature in decadal variability of monsoon precipitation in China.Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan,2012,90(1):1-9.

[18]Wang J S,Zhao L.Statistical tests for a correlation between decadal variation in June precipitation in China and sunspot number.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,2012,117(D23),doi:10.1029/2012JD018074.

[19]Huth R,Bochníek J,Hejda P.The 11-year solar cycle affects the intensity and annularity of the Arctic Oscillation.Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2007,69(9):1095-1109.

[20]Brugnara Y,Bronnimann S,Luterbacher J,et al.Inl uence of the sunspot cycle on the Northern Hemisphere wintertime circulation from long upper-air data sets.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions,2012,12(11):30371-30407.

[21]Weng H.Impacts of multi-scale solar activity on climate.Part I:Atmospheric circulation patterns and climate extremes.Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2012,29(4):867-886.

[22]Zhou L,Tinsley B,Huang J.Ef ects on winter circulation of short and long term solar wind changes.Advances in Space Research,2013,doi:10.1016/j.asr.2013.09.017.

[23]Artamonova I,Veretenenko S.Cosmic ray variation inl uence on the duration of elementary synoptic processes.in Proceedings of8-th Int.Conf.Problems of Geocosmos,2010.

[24]Veretenenko S,Thejll P.Cyclone regeneration in the North Atlantic intensii ed by energetic solar proton events.Advances in Space Research,2005,35(3):470-475.

[25]Veretenenko S,Thejll P.Effects of energetic solar proton events on the cyclone development in the North Atlantic.Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2004,66(5):393-405.

[26]黄静,周立旻,肖子牛,等.天气尺度到气候尺度太阳风变速对中高纬大气环流的影响.空间科学学报,2013,33(6):637-644.

[27]周立旻,Tinsley B,郑祥民,等.太阳活动驱动气候变化空间天气机制研究进展.地球科学进展,2007(11):1099-1108.

[28]Lu H,Jarvis M J,Hibbins R E.Possible solar wind ef ect on the northern annular mode and northern hemispheric circulation during winter and spring.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,2008,113(D23),doi:10.1029/2008JD010848.

[29]Boberg F,Lundstedt H.Solar wind variations related to fluctuations of the North Atlantic Oscillation.Geophysical Research Letters,2002,29(15):13-1-13-4.

[30]Bochníek J,Hejda P.The winter NAO pattern changes in association with solar and geomagnetic activity.Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2005,67(1):17-32.

[31]Kodera K.Solar cycle modulation of the North Atlantic Oscillation:implication in the spatial structure of the NAO.Geophysical Research Letters,2002,29(8):59-1-59-4.

[32]Keckhut P,Cagnazzo C,Chanin M L,et al.The 11-year solarcycle effects on the temperature in the upper-stratosphere and mesosphere:Part I—assessment of observations.Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2005,67(11):940-947.

[33]Ogi M,Yamazaki K,Tachibana Y.Solar cycle modulation of the seasonal linkage of the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO).Geophysical Research Letters,2003,30(22),doi:10.1029/2003GL018545.

[34]张亮,王赤,傅绥燕.太阳活动与全球气候变化.空间科学学报,2011,31(5):549-566.

[35]Tinsley B A,Deen G W.Apparent tropospheric response to MeVGeV particle flux variations:a connection via electrofreezing of supercooled water in high-level clouds?Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,1991,96(D12):22283-22296.

[36]Haigh J D.h e role of stratospheric ozone in modulating the solar radiative forcing of climate.Nature,1994,370(6490):544-546.

[37]Frame T H,Gray L J.h e 11-yr solar cycle in ERA-40 data:An update to 2008.Journal of Climate,2010,23(8):2213–2222.

[38]Kodera K,Kuroda Y.Dynamical response to the solar cycle.Journal of Geophysical Research,2002,107(D24):4749.

[39]Kodera K,Yamazaki K,Chiba M,et al.Downward propagation of upper stratospheric mean zonal wind perturbation to the troposphere.Geophysical Research Letters,1990,17(9):1263-1266.

[40]Dunkerton T J.Midwinter deceleration of the subtropical mesospheric jet and interannual variability of the high-latitude flow in UKMO analyses.Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,2000,57(23):3838-3855.

[41]Gray L,Sparrow S,Juckes M,et al.Flow regimes in the winter stratosphere of the northern hemisphere.Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,2003,129(589):925-945.

[42]Baldwin M P,Dunkerton T J.The solar cycle and stratosphere–troposphere dynamical coupling.Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2005,67(1):71-82.

[43]Kodera K,Kuroda Y.A possible mechanism of solar modulation of the spatial structure of the North Atlantic Oscillation.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,2005,110(D2),doi:10.1029/2004JD005258.

[44]Wen C,Ronghui H.The propagation and transport effect of planetary waves in the Northern Hemisphere winter.Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2002,19(6):1113-1126.

[45]Dickinson R E.Solar variability and the lower atmosphere.Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,1975,56(12):1240-1248.

[46]Bering E.The global circuit:Global thermometer,weather byproduct or climatic modulator?Reviews of Geophysics,1995,33(S2):845-862.

[47]Bhattacharya A,Kar S,Bhattacharya R.Response of thunderstorm and lightning activity to solar modulation of atmospheric electrii cation.h eoretical and Applied Climatology,1997,58(1-2):95-103.

[48]van Loon H,Meehl G A,Shea D J.Coupled air-sea response to solar forcing in the Pacii c region during northern winter.Journal of Geophysical Research,2007,112(D2):D02108.

[49]White W B,Liu Z.Non-linear alignment of El Nino to the11-yr solar cycle.Geophysical Research Letters,2008,35(19),doi:10.1029/2008GL034831.

[50]Roy I,Haigh J D.Solar cycle signals in sea level pressure and sea surface temperature.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2010,10(6):3147-3153.

[51]Haigh J D.The impact of solar variability on climate.Science,1996,272(5264):981-984.

[52]Farrar P D.Are cosmic rays inl uencing oceanic cloud coverage–or is it only El Nino?Climatic Change,2000,47(1-2):7-15.

[53]Marsh N,Svensmark H.Galactic cosmic ray and El Nio–Southern Oscillation trends in International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project D2 low-cloud properties.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,2003,108(D6),doi:10.1029/2001JD001264.

[54]Ruzmaikin A.Can El Nińo amplify the solar forcing of climate?Geophysical Research Letters,1999,26(15):2255-2258.

[55]Herschel W.Observations tending to investigate the nature of the Sun,in order to find the causes or symptoms of its variable emission of light and heat;with remarks on the use that may possibly be drawn from solar observations.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,1801,91:265-318.

[56]Currie R G.Variance contribution of luni-solar(Mn)and solar cycle(Sc)signals to climate data.International Journal of Climatology,1996,16(12):1343-1364.

[57]Sud Y,Walker G,Mehta V,et al.Relative importance of the annual cycles of sea surface temperature and solar irradiance for tropical circulation and precipitation:A climate model simulation study.Earth Interactions,2002,6(2):1-32.

[58]Lambert F H,Stott P A,Allen M R,et al.Detection and attribution of changes in 20th century land precipitation.G e o p h y s i c a l R e s e a r c h L e t t e r s,2 0 0 4,3 1(1 0),d o i:10.1029/2004GL019545.

[59]Meehl G A,Arblaster J M,Matthes K,et al.Amplifying the Pacii c climate system response to a small 11-year solar cycle forcing.Science,2009,325(5944):1114-1118.

[60]Liu J,Wang B,Ding Q,et al.Centennial variations of the global monsoon precipitation in the last millennium:results from ECHO-G model.Journal of Climate,2009,22(9):2356-2371.

[61]Wasko C,Sharma A.Effect of solar variability on atmospheric moisture storage.Geophysical Research Letters,2009,36(3),doi:10.1029/2008GL036310.

[62]Stockton C,Mitchell Jr J,Meko D.A reappraisal of the 22-year drought cycle.in Weather and Climate Responses to Solar Variations,edited by McCormac B M.Boulder:Colorado Associated Universities Press,1983.

[63]Perr C A.Solar-irradiance variations and regional precipitation fluctuations in the Western USA.International Journal of Climatology,1994,14(9):969-983.

[64]Cook E R,Meko D M,Stockton C W.A new assessment of possible solar and lunar forcing of the bidecadal drought rhythm in the western United States.Journal of Climate,1997,10(6):1343-1356.

[65]Currie R G.Luni-solar 18.6-and 10~11-year solar cycle signals in South African rainfall.International Journal of Climatology,1993,13(3):237-256.

[66]Verschuren D,Laird K R,Cumming B F.Rainfall and drought in equatorial east Africa during the past 1,100 years.Nature,2000,403(6768):410-414.

[67]Verschuren D,DamstéJ S S,Moernaut J,et al.Half-precessional dynamics of monsoon rainfall near the East African Equator.Nature,2009,462(7273):637-641.

[68]Currie R G,Vines R G.Evidence for luni-solar Mn and solar cycle Sc signals in Australian rainfall data.International Journal of Climatology,1996,16(11):1243-1265.

[69]Thresher R E.Solar correlates of Southern Hemisphere midlatitude climate variability.International Journal of Climatology,2002,22(8):901-915.

[70]Nef U,Burns S,Mangini A,et al.Strong coherence between solar variability and the monsoon in Oman between 9 and 6 kyr ago.Nature,2001,411(6835):290-293.

[71]Burns S J,Fleitmann D,Mudelsee M,et al.A 780-year annually resolved record of Indian Ocean monsoon precipitation from a speleothem from south Oman.Journal of Geophysical Research,2002,107(D20):4434.

[72]Fleitmann D,Burns S J,Mudelsee M,et al.Holocene forcing of the Indian monsoon recorded in a stalagmite from southern Oman.Science,2003,300(5626):1737-1739.

[73]Kodera K.Solar inl uence on the Indian Ocean Monsoon through dynamical processes.Geophysical Research Letters,2004,31(24),doi:10.1029/2004GL020928.

[74]Bhattacharyya S,Narasimha R.Possible association between Indian monsoon rainfall and solar activity.Geophysical Research Letters,2005,32(5),doi:10.1029/2004GL021044.

[75]Loon H,Meehl G A.h e Indian summer monsoon during peaks in the 11 year sunspot cycle.Geophysical Research Letters,2012,39(13),doi:10.1029/2012GL051977.

[76]Haigh J D.h e ef ects of solar variability on the Earth’s climate.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.Series A:Mathematical,Physical and Engineering Sciences,2003,361(1802):95-111.

[77]Gleisner H,Thejll P.Patterns of tropospheric response to solar variability.Geophysical Research Letters,2003,30(13),doi:10.1029/2003GL017129.

[78]Haigh J D,Blackburn M,Day R.The response of tropospheric circulation to perturbations in lower-stratospheric temperature.Journal of Climate,2005,18(17):3672–3685.

[79]Bronnimann S,Ewen T,Griesser T,et al.Multidecadal signal of solar variability in the upper troposphere during the 20th century.Space Science Reviews,2006,125(1-4):305-317.

[80]Martin-Puertas C,Matthes K,Brauer A,et al.Regional atmospheric circulation shifts induced by a grand solar minimum.Nature Geoscience,2012,5(6):397-401.

[81]Qian W,Ding T,Hu H,et al.An overview of dry-wet climate variability among monsoon-westerly regions and the monsoon northernmost marginal active zone in China.Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2009,26(4):630-641.

[82]孙国武,汤绪,李江萍.夏季风北边缘与沙尘暴的研究.高原气象,2008,27(5):1088-1093.

[83]黄荣辉,周连童.我国重大气候灾害特征、形成机理和预测研究.自然灾害学报,2002,11(1):1-9.

[84]赵亮,王劲松.106年来太阳黑子数与全球夏季风降水的统计关系//中国气象学会第五届副热带气象学术业务研讨会论文集,2009.

[85]Chen W,Zhou Q.Modulation of the Arctic Oscillation and the East Asian winter climate relationships by the 11-year solar cycle.Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2012,29:217-226.

基本信息:

中图分类号:P461.1

引用信息:

[1]王瑞丽,肖子牛,赵亮,等.天气气候中太阳活动信号的敏感区域[J].气象科技进展,2014,4(04):19-27.

基金信息:

国家重大科学研究计划项目(2012CB957804)

发布时间:

2014-08-15

出版时间:

2014-08-15

检 索 高级检索